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Published on: August 7, 2017
ADAPTIVE MECHANISMS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN CHILDREN IN FAR NORTH
Insights
Children with complicated viral respiratory infections show reduced cellular immunity and lower cytokine levels. Broncho-vaxom therapy improved immune status and prevented infections for three months.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Pediatric immune system pathology is crucial in complicated viral infections.
- Understanding immune and cytokine status in children with severe viral infections is vital.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the immune and cytokine status in children experiencing complicated acute respiratory viral infections.
- To assess the impact of extreme climate on immunological mechanisms in pediatric viral infections.
Main Methods:
- Study included 100 frequently ill children (≥8 infections/year, ages 0-7) and 30 controls.
- Immune and cytokine profiles (T-cells, complement, CD markers, IFN-γ, IL-4) were analyzed.
- Statistical analysis used SAS, SPSS, chi-squared tests, and t-tests/ANOVA.
Main Results:
- Children with complicated viral respiratory infections exhibited a significant decline in T-cell levels and complement components.
- Reduced cellular immunity (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD22+) and decreased cytokine levels (IFN-γ, IL-4) were observed.
- Broncho-vaxom therapy led to improved immune status and a 3-month recurrence-free period.
Conclusions:
- Complicated viral respiratory infections in children are associated with impaired cellular immunity and cytokine production.
- Extreme climate conditions in the Far North may exacerbate these immunological deficits.
- Broncho-vaxom shows promise in restoring immune balance and preventing recurrent infections.
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the probleme of modern Pediatrics pathology of the immune system in children with complicated viral infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune and cytokine status in children with complicated acute respiratory viral infections. The study included 100 children are often ill respiratory virus infections (more than 8 times per year) from age 0 to 7 years, and 30 children with upper respiratory tract infection; no more than 1 time per year-the control group. The standards of indicators developed by the staff of Immunological laboratory Diagnostic center of the Ministry of health of Republic Sakha (Yakutia ) together with the Institute of health of the Republic Sakha (Yakutia). Statistical calculations made on the basis of applied programs "SAS"and "SPSS"In the analysis of contingency tables (estimates of the correlation of the characteristic and evaluation of significance of differences between groups) used the criterion of 2 (Pearson and likelihood ratio and Fisher's exact test. Comparison of mean values was performed univariate analysis of variance using T-student criterion for assessing the equality of mean F-Fisher test to assess equality of variance. Extreme climatic conditions ofthe far North have an impact on immunological mechanisms. In the analysis of changes ofthe immune status revealed the greatest decline in T-cell level and components of complement in children with complications of viral respiratory infections. In children with complicated respiratory viral infections reduced cellular immunity (CD3+, CD41, CD81, CD+, CD 22+). In children with complicated respiratory viral infections decrease levels ofcytokines (IFN-y FN0-d), indicating about the risk of the formation of complications of respiratory viral infections. As a result of drug therapy of broncho-vaxom marked improvement in immune status and the absence of recurrence of respiratory viral infections within the next 3 months after therapy.
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