Regulatory factors in lymphoid development

The process of T lymphocyte maturation within the thymus involves a complex series of differentiation events involving T cell receptor gene rearrangement and expression. A beginning has now been made at defining the growth and differentiation signals required for these events. An additional level of complexity is provided by the selection of the repertoire of T cell specificities so that the pool of peripheral T cells available for interaction with antigens is 'shaped' by the thymus. The maturation of stem cells to B lymphocytes takes place in association with bone marrow stromal cells. Large numbers of newly-formed B cells can now be generated in vitro on stromal cell layers. Stromal cells capable of supporting B lymphopoiesis have now been cloned and, recently, a growth factor (IL-7) which acts on early B cells has been identified.

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