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Age-Dependent Changes in Pb Concentration in Human Teeth.

Agnieszka Fischer1, Danuta Wiechuła2

  • 1Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland. afischer@sum.edu.pl.

Biological Trace Element Research
|February 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Lead (Pb) accumulates in human teeth, with concentration increasing with age. This study analyzed lead levels in 390 Polish teeth, revealing significant age-related accumulation and variations based on birth year.

Keywords:
AgeEnvironmental exposurePb accumulationTeeth

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Lead (Pb) exposure results in accumulation in mineralized tissues, forming a significant reservoir in the human body.
  • Calcified tissues, particularly teeth, serve as long-term indicators of lead exposure and accumulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the accumulation patterns of lead (Pb) in the calcified tissues of permanent human teeth.
  • To investigate the relationship between age, birth year, and lead concentration in teeth within a Polish population.

Main Methods:

  • Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) was employed to measure lead (Pb) concentrations.
  • Analysis included 390 permanent teeth samples from a selected Polish population across a wide age range (13-84 years).

Main Results:

  • The average lead (Pb) concentration in teeth was 14.3 ± 8.18 μg/g, with a range of 2.21-54.8 μg/g.
  • A statistically significant increase in lead (Pb) concentration with age was observed (p=0.02), averaging approximately 0.1 μg/g annually.
  • Lead (Pb) accumulation patterns varied by birth cohort, with older individuals (born 1930s) showing lower concentrations than those born in the 1950s, while younger individuals exhibited increasing levels.

Conclusions:

  • Lead (Pb) concentration in human teeth significantly increases with age, reflecting cumulative exposure.
  • Birth year is a critical factor influencing lead (Pb) accumulation in teeth, suggesting changes in environmental exposure over time.
  • Even low lead (Pb) exposure levels can lead to relatively greater accumulation in calcified dental tissues.