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Precision Medicine and Non-Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: Fiction or Reality?
Effie Liakopoulou1, Alexander Knuth2
1Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Background:
Non-colorectal liver metastases (nCRLM) constitute a variety of heterogeneous diseases and a considerable therapeutic challenge. Management is based on the primary tumor and the clinical course. In the era of precision medicine (PM) we know that cancer is heterogeneous within the tumor and across different sites.
Methods:
We give an overview of the path to PM through 'omics' beyond genomics. We refer to the experience gained to date from models such as colorectal cancer and we discuss the opportunity offered by PM for the management of nCRLM.
Results:
In order to best characterize and track tumor biological behaviors as well as to understand mechanisms of response to therapy and survival we suggest the application of novel clinical trial designs, a dynamic approach with serial monitoring involving evaluation of primary and metastatic sites. Quality and standardization of tissue acquisition and biobanking is a precondition for the reliability of this approach.
Conclusion:
The application of PM is increasingly becoming a reality. Elucidating the mysteries of tumors in complex settings can only be achieved with the approach PM offers. nCRLM may serve as a model for the application of PM principles and techniques in understanding individual diseases and also cancer as an entity and therapeutic challenge.
Insights
Precision medicine (PM) offers a new approach to managing non-colorectal liver metastases (nCRLM) by analyzing tumor heterogeneity. This strategy involves advanced
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Precision Medicine
- Cancer Heterogeneity
Background:
- Non-colorectal liver metastases (nCRLM) present diverse and complex therapeutic challenges.
- Current management relies on primary tumor type and clinical progression.
- Cancer exhibits significant heterogeneity within tumors and across metastatic sites.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of advanced 'omics' beyond genomics in precision medicine (PM).
- To discuss the potential of PM for managing nCRLM, using models like colorectal cancer.
- To highlight opportunities for personalized treatment strategies in nCRLM.
Main Methods:
- Reviewing the progression towards PM using multi-omics data.
- Analyzing experiences from colorectal cancer models.
- Discussing PM's application in nCRLM management.
Main Results:
- Novel clinical trial designs are proposed for characterizing tumor behavior and therapy response.
- A dynamic approach with serial monitoring of primary and metastatic sites is suggested.
- Standardized tissue acquisition and biobanking are crucial for reliable data.
Conclusions:
- Precision medicine is becoming integral to cancer care.
- PM provides essential tools for understanding complex tumor biology.
- nCRLM can serve as a model for applying PM principles to individual diseases and cancer as a whole.
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