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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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A Pipeline for 3D Multimodality Image Integration and Computer-assisted Planning in Epilepsy Surgery
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Towards precision medicine in epilepsy surgery.

Pingping Jin1, Dongyan Wu1, Xiaoxuan Li1

  • 11 Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China ; 2 Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China ; 3 Department of Neurology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.

Annals of Translational Medicine
|February 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Epilepsy surgery can be effective for drug-resistant focal seizures. Advanced imaging and high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) improve pinpointing the epileptogenic zone for successful surgical outcomes.

Keywords:
Refractory epilepsyepilepsy surgerypre-surgical evaluationprecision medicine

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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
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Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy SEEG With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • A significant portion of epilepsy patients (up to one-third) remain refractory to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).
  • Epilepsy surgery offers a highly effective treatment for selected patients with intractable focal seizures.
  • Accurate localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) is paramount for successful epilepsy surgery outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review state-of-the-art pre-surgical investigations for epilepsy.
  • To highlight advancements improving the precision of epileptogenic zone localization.
  • To discuss how these advances support precision medicine in epilepsy surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Multimodality pre-surgical evaluation integrating various diagnostic techniques.
  • Advanced neuroimaging, including voxel-based morphometry and SPECT/MRI co-registration.
  • Analysis of high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) as potential biomarkers for the EZ.
  • Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) to study seizure discharge dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Advances in neuroimaging enhance the identification of subtle structural and metabolic lesions.
  • High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) show a strong correlation with epileptogenic tissue.
  • SEEG provides deeper understanding of seizure spatiotemporal dynamics.
  • Improved pre-surgical assessment widens surgical applicability for both children and adults.

Conclusions:

  • State-of-the-art pre-surgical investigations are crucial for precision medicine in epilepsy surgery.
  • Technological advancements enable more accurate EZ localization, leading to better surgical outcomes.
  • Precision medicine in epilepsy surgery aims for maximal benefit with minimal side effects.