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Comorbidities in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are linked to brain injury. Specific conditions like psoriasis and thyroid disease correlate with worse outcomes on MRI scans.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Comorbidities in multiple sclerosis (MS) are not well understood.
  • Investigating the impact of comorbidities on MS disease severity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the association between comorbidities and MR imaging-defined disease severity in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 815 MS patients.
  • Analysis of demographic, clinical history, and quantitative MR imaging data.
  • Categorization based on presence/absence of comorbidities, with statistical adjustments.

Main Results:

  • 29.6% of MS patients had comorbidities; thyroid disease was most frequent.
  • Comorbidities were associated with reduced whole-brain, cortical, and gray matter volumes.
  • Psoriasis, thyroid disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus linked to decreased brain volumes; psoriasis also to altered normal-appearing brain tissue.

Conclusions:

  • Comorbidities in MS patients are associated with significant brain injury on MR imaging.
  • Psoriasis, thyroid disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus indicate more severe outcomes.