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[Body dysmorphic disorder : Anxiety about deformity].

T Gieler1,2, E Brähler3,4

  • 1Institut für Psychoanalyse und Psychotherapie Gießen e.V., Ludwigstraße 73, 35392, Gießen, Deutschland. tanja.gieler@web.de.

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|February 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Body dysmorphic disorder affects up to 1.8% of the German population, with higher rates in dermatology settings. Early diagnosis and treatment, including cognitive behavioral therapy and SSRIs, are crucial for managing this chronic condition.

Keywords:
Body imageBody schemeCognitive behavior therapyDermatologyPsychodynamic psychotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) affects 0.8–1.8% of the general German population.
  • Prevalence increases significantly in specific clinical settings, reaching 11.9% in dermatological offices and 13.1% in cosmetic dermatology.
  • BDD is often underdiagnosed, despite being a chronic mental health condition characterized by preoccupation with perceived flaws and significant distress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) in Germany.
  • To emphasize the underdiagnosis of BDD.
  • To discuss diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies for BDD.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis is typically made using validated questionnaires, such as the dysmorphic concern questionnaire.
  • Diagnostic criteria are also outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5).

Main Results:

  • BDD prevalence is substantial, particularly within dermatological patient populations.
  • Comorbidities such as social phobia, depression, suicidality, and eating disorders are frequently observed in individuals with BDD.
  • Untreated BDD can lead to chronification and increased risk of suicidal ideation.

Conclusions:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of BDD is essential to prevent long-term suffering and reduce suicidal risk.
  • Effective therapeutic interventions include cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) and pharmacotherapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
  • Integrated treatment approaches are vital for managing the complexities of BDD and its associated comorbidities.