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Physiological adaptation to the environment.

B A Young¹, B Walker, A E Dixon

¹University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

Journal of Animal Science

|September 1, 1989

Summary

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Animals maintain internal balance (homeostasis) through physiological feedback processes when facing environmental changes. Understanding these responses, like cold stress adaptation, helps improve farm animal welfare.

Area of Science:

Animal physiology
Environmental science
Homeostasis

Background:

Animal adaptation to new environments relies on maintaining homeostasis.
Physiological feedback processes are central to compensating for environmental changes.
Environmental change severity dictates the disruption to homeostasis and required resources.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the principles of animal responses to environmental changes, using cold stress as a model.
To highlight the interplay between environmental variables and physiological responses in animals.
To emphasize the importance of understanding the environment-animal interface for farm animal welfare.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on animal responses to environmental stressors.

Related Experiment Videos

Analysis of physiological feedback mechanisms in maintaining homeostasis.

Examination of behavioral and metabolic adjustments to environmental challenges, particularly cold stress.

Main Results:

Individual animal responses to environmental changes vary significantly.
In farm animals with constrained behavior, metabolic responses become more critical.
Persistent environmental challenges trigger adaptive mechanisms that reduce physiological burden.

Conclusions:

Understanding animal responses to environmental disruption is key to improving farm animal welfare.
Knowledge of the environment-animal interface allows for the establishment of suitable farm environments.
Adaptive mechanisms play a crucial role in long-term animal resilience to environmental stress.