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Cosmologically Safe QCD Axion without Fine-Tuning.

Masaki Yamada1,2,3, Tsutomu T Yanagida1, Kazuya Yonekura1

  • 1Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan.

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This study introduces a novel QCD axion model that resolves the strong CP problem without fine-tuning. It utilizes an extra dimension and brane-confined quarks to break Peccei-Quinn symmetry, avoiding domain wall issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Cosmology
  • String Theory

Background:

  • The strong CP problem in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is a major puzzle.
  • Standard QCD axion models often require significant fine-tuning to maintain Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry.
  • Existing models face challenges like cosmological domain wall problems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a simple QCD axion model that avoids fine-tuning issues.
  • To provide a mechanism for the origin and breaking of PQ symmetry.
  • To circumvent the cosmological domain wall problem.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of an extra spatial dimension.
  • Incorporation of extra quarks confined to separate branes.
  • Utilizing a bulk Abelian gauge symmetry.
  • Postulating monopole condensation on a brane to break chiral symmetry.

Main Results:

  • A simple QCD axion model is constructed without fine-tuning.
  • The model explains the origin of PQ symmetry through the extra dimension.
  • Chiral symmetry breaking via monopole condensation naturally breaks PQ symmetry.
  • The cosmological domain wall problem is avoided due to this mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model offers a viable solution to the strong CP problem and PQ symmetry challenges.
  • It provides a natural origin for PQ symmetry and resolves cosmological issues.
  • This framework presents a promising direction for axion model building.