Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

61.4K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
61.4K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

10.4K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
10.4K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.5K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.5K
Evolutionary Psychology01:20

Evolutionary Psychology

1.2K
Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
1.2K
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

4.3K
Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
4.3K
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory01:20

Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory

2.6K
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same authorSame journal

A tad bit of learning: Place and response learning in green frog (Rana clamitans) tadpoles.

Learning & behavior·2026
Same author

"Whoooo said that?": responses of captive owls (<i>Strigiformes</i>) to the voices of familiar caregivers.

PeerJ·2026
Same author

Purr-ceiving feelings: domestic cats respond to intraspecific cues of emotion.

PeerJ·2026
Same author

Brains over brawn? Brown bears (Ursus arctos) demonstrate behavioral flexibility on a multi-access box and other tasks.

Acta psychologica·2026
Same author

Crashing the tea party: Imagining alternative explanations.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2026
Same author

Introduction to the special issue honoring Suzanne MacDonald: Truly comparative and incomparable.

Learning & behavior·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing
07:48

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Published on: April 4, 2025

1.5K

Apes have eyes to the future.

Jennifer Vonk1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA. vonk@oakland.edu.

Learning & Behavior
|February 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Great apes anticipate repeated events in videos, demonstrating object and location processing. This research using eyetracking offers insights into prospective and episodic memory in nonverbal species.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive science
  • Primatology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Understanding memory in nonverbal species is challenging.
  • Previous research has explored animal cognition, but prospective and episodic memory remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether great apes can process and anticipate repeated object and location information in visual stimuli.
  • To explore the potential of eyetracking methodology for studying memory in nonverbal species.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized eyetracking technology to monitor attention and anticipation in apes.
  • Presented apes with short film clips featuring repeated object and location events.

Main Results:

  • Apes demonstrated the ability to process object and location information.
Keywords:
AnticipationApesEpisodic memoryEye-tracking

More Related Videos

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

1.6K
Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

46.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing
07:48

Eye Tracking During A Complex Aviation Task For Insights Into Information Processing

Published on: April 4, 2025

1.5K
Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

1.6K
Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

46.7K
  • Apes showed anticipatory eye movements, indicating they could predict the repetition of events.

    • Conclusions:

    • Great apes exhibit sophisticated cognitive abilities related to memory and prediction.
    • Eyetracking is a viable method for future research into prospective and episodic memory in nonverbal animals.