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[Therapy by biological response modifiers].

I Urushizaki

    [Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
    |August 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Biotechnology advances reveal biological response modifiers (BRMs) like cytokines and antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. Recombinant IL-2 and TNF show promise in treating hematological malignancies, particularly via activated immune cells.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biotechnology and Immunology
    • Cancer Therapeutics

    Context:

    • Recent biotechnological advancements have identified key substances involved in the host-cancer immunological response.
    • These substances, including cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, and immunomodulating agents, are termed biological response modifiers (BRMs).
    • Genetic engineering facilitates the mass production of BRMs, paving the way for their clinical use.

    Purpose:

    • To explore the potential of biological response modifiers (BRMs) in treating hematological malignancies.
    • To review the progress and clinical applications of specific BRMs such as Interferon, Interleukin-2 (IL-2), and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF).

    Summary:

    • Interferon was an early example of a biologically active substance used pharmacologically.
    • Clinical trials initiated in 1984 investigated recombinant Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF).

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  • While intravenous IL-2 showed limited efficacy for hematological malignancies, IL-2-activated Killer cells demonstrated potent adoptive immunotherapy capabilities. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) exhibited cytotoxic effects, reducing leukemic cell percentages in peripheral blood.

    • Impact:

    • BRMs, particularly cytokines like IL-2 and TNF, represent a significant advancement in cancer immunotherapy.
    • The development of adoptive immunotherapy using IL-2-activated Killer cells offers a new strategy for treating hematological cancers.
    • TNF's cytotoxic properties suggest its potential as a therapeutic agent in leukemia treatment.