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Related Concept Videos

Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

10.2K
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
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Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

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Protein Families02:47

Protein Families

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Protein families are groups of homologous proteins; that is, they have similarities in amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. Protein families usually occur because of gene duplication, where an additional copy of a gene is inserted into the genome of an organism.   Mutations that change the amino acids but still allow the protein to be properly synthesized, will lead to new protein family members.   If these new proteins contain similar amino acids in key...
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Protein Families02:47

Protein Families

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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

7.2K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

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The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Comprehensive Workflow for the Genome-wide Identification and Expression Meta-analysis of the ATL E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Grapevine
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MGFD: the maize gene families database.

Lei Sheng1, Haiyang Jiang1, Hanwei Yan1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.

Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation
|February 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified 96 maize gene families, comprising 5826 genes, and created a database (MGFD) to aid in understanding plant development and stress responses.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Transcription factor (TF) families regulate fundamental plant biological processes.
  • Maize (Zea mays) is a globally significant cereal crop vital for nutrition.
  • Understanding maize gene families is crucial for crop improvement and functional genomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and systematically characterize maize gene families.
  • To develop a comprehensive database (Maize Gene Family Database - MGFD) for these genes.
  • To facilitate research into the functions and regulatory roles of maize genes.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic identification of 96 maize gene families.
  • Systematic characterization of 5826 genes within these families.
  • Development of the Maize Gene Family Database (MGFD) with extensive annotations.

Main Results:

  • Identification of 96 predicted maize gene families and characterization of 5826 associated genes.
  • Creation of the Maize Gene Family Database (MGFD) with detailed annotations (protein features, gene structure, GO, phylogeny, expression).
  • MGFD provides a user-friendly interface for data browsing, searching, and downloading.

Conclusions:

  • The MGFD serves as a valuable resource for exploring maize gene family functions.
  • This resource aids in understanding gene regulation in diverse biological processes in maize.
  • The MGFD is freely accessible, supporting plant science research globally.