Kawasaki Disease in India, Lessons Learnt Over the Last 20 Years

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Cardiology
• Immunology

Background:

• Kawasaki disease (KD) is increasingly recognized in India.
• It may soon surpass acute rheumatic fever as the most common cause of pediatric acquired heart disease.
• A significant number of KD cases in India remain undiagnosed.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the growing prevalence of Kawasaki disease in India.
• To emphasize the importance of familiarizing pediatricians with KD diagnostic criteria.
• To underscore the need for early diagnosis and prompt treatment to mitigate cardiac complications.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical findings and temporal sequence in Kawasaki disease diagnosis.
• Emphasis on the diagnostic challenges and nuances in the Indian context.
• Discussion of the impact of delayed diagnosis on patient outcomes.

Main Results:

• Kawasaki disease is on the rise in India.
• Undiagnosed cases of Kawasaki disease are prevalent.
• Familiarity with clinical diagnosis is essential for timely intervention.

Conclusions:

• Pediatricians must be adept at diagnosing Kawasaki disease based on clinical signs.
• Early detection and treatment significantly reduce the risk of coronary artery abnormalities.
• Increased awareness and diagnostic proficiency are vital for managing Kawasaki disease in India.