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Immunosuppressive Therapy in Transplantation.

Terri L Allison1

  • 1Doctor of Nursing Practice Program, Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Avenue, South 603D Godchaux Hall, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.

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Summary

This review covers immunosuppressive drugs for organ and stem cell transplants, detailing their use in preventing rejection and graft-versus-host disease. It examines drug classes, dosing, monitoring, and interactions.

Keywords:
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantationImmunosuppressionImmunosuppressive medicationsTransplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Immunosuppressive medications are crucial for preventing organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant rejection.
  • Managing the recipient's immune response is key to successful transplantation outcomes.
  • Graft-versus-host disease is a significant complication following stem cell transplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of immunosuppressive medications used in transplantation.
  • To detail the various classes of immunosuppressants, their indications, and administration strategies.
  • To discuss critical aspects such as monitoring, adverse events, and drug interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on immunosuppressive agents in transplantation.
  • Categorization of immunosuppressants by drug class (e.g., antibodies, calcineurin inhibitors, antiproliferatives).
  • Analysis of therapeutic strategies including induction, maintenance, and rescue therapy.

Main Results:

  • Detailed presentation of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, calcineurin inhibitors, antiproliferative agents, mTOR inhibitors, and corticosteroids.
  • Discussion of specific indications, dosing, and monitoring requirements for each drug class.
  • Examination of potential complications, adverse events, and significant drug interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Effective immunosuppression management is vital for transplant success.
  • Understanding drug classes, interactions, and adverse events is essential for clinicians.
  • This review serves as a resource for optimizing immunosuppressive therapy in transplant recipients.