Shifting a Paradigm of Cardiac Surgery: From Minimally Invasive to Micro-Invasive

The development of new techniques for the treatment of almost all structural heart pathologies that do not require cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamping, such as transcatheter aortic valve replacement and transapical mitral chordae implantation, define a new age of our specialty: the micro-invasive (microICS) cardiac surgery era.