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[Osteopenia in premature children: an emerging problem].

G Weber, M P Guarneri, E Corbella

    Minerva Pediatrica
    |July 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary

    Preterm infant osteopenia, a bone undermineralization issue, stems from insufficient mineral intake, particularly phosphorus. Diagnosis involves imaging or biochemical tests, but prevention and treatment remain debated.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neonatology
    • Pediatric Endocrinology
    • Mineral Metabolism

    Context:

    • Osteopenia of preterm newborns is a significant concern in neonatal intensive care.
    • It affects very low birth-weight infants during early life.
    • The condition involves bone undermineralization, often linked to inadequate mineral intake.

    Purpose:

    • To review recent studies on osteopenia of prematurity.
    • To highlight the multifactorial pathogenesis, emphasizing phosphorus deficiency.
    • To discuss diagnostic methods and the lack of consensus on prevention and treatment.

    Summary:

    • Osteopenia in preterm infants is characterized by poor bone mineralization, primarily due to insufficient phosphorus intake.
    • Clinical signs range from overt rickets to asymptomatic cases.

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  • Diagnosis relies on imaging (photon absorptiometry) or biochemical markers like hypophosphatemia.

    • Impact:

    • Informs clinical practice regarding the diagnosis and management of preterm infant osteopenia.
    • Identifies gaps in knowledge concerning prevention and treatment strategies.
    • Highlights the need for further research into optimal mineral supplementation for vulnerable infants.