Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

10
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
10
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

32
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
32
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

37
Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
37

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gold- or Silver-Nanoparticle SERS Platforms for Plasma-Based Diagnostics and AI-Driven Analysis.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Intracranial Injection of Investigational Ex Vivo Expanded and Activated Gamma-Delta T Cells Engineered With a Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase-Expressing Lentivector in Patients With Primary Glioblastoma.

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·2026
Same author

Identifying Varying Influences on Eliminating Hepatitis C Across Medical Specialties.

Journal of viral hepatitis·2025
Same author

Towards Rapid and Low-Cost Stroke Detection Using SERS and Machine Learning.

Biosensors·2025
Same author

Gold Nanoprobes for Robust Colorimetric Detection of Nucleic Acid Sequences Related to Disease Diagnostics.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

The State of Hepatitis C Elimination from the Front Lines: A Qualitative Study of Provider-Perceived Gaps to Treatment Initiation.

Journal of general internal medicine·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
04:23

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

7.2K

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis presenting as a brainstem encephalitis.

Daniel S Atherton1, Sarah R Perez2, Nathan D Gundacker3

  • 1Department of Pathology, HSB 175J, 619 19th St. South, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35249, United States.

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
|February 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE), a severe form of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), presents a diagnostic challenge. This case highlights AHLE

Keywords:
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitisDemyelinationHemorrhagic leukoencephalopathyRhomboencephalitis

More Related Videos

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
26:48

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: July 4, 2007

18.9K
Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
05:51

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Published on: July 24, 2016

20.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
04:23

A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

7.2K
Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
26:48

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: July 4, 2007

18.9K
Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
05:51

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain

Published on: July 24, 2016

20.6K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) involves myelin inflammation and destruction.
  • Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) is a severe ADEM variant with poor prognosis.
  • AHLE is hypothesized to be autoimmune, potentially triggered by molecular mimicry involving myelin antigens.

Observation:

  • A young female presented with drowsiness and slurred speech, rapidly progressing to brainstem dysfunction.
  • Neurological decline continued despite immunosuppressants, immunoglobulins, and antimicrobials.
  • MRI revealed disseminated lesions, initially in the brainstem and later involving cerebral hemispheres.

Findings:

  • Autopsy confirmed multiple hemorrhagic lesions throughout the brain, establishing a diagnosis of AHLE.
  • The patient experienced rapid loss of brainstem reflexes, leading to a fatal outcome.
  • No definitive inciting pathogen was identified.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of including AHLE in the differential diagnosis for rapid neurological deterioration.
  • It highlights an atypical clinical presentation of ADEM/AHLE, emphasizing the need for broad diagnostic considerations.
  • Understanding AHLE's autoimmune basis is crucial for developing targeted therapies.