Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

900
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
900
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

606
5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
606
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

732
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
732
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

597
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
597
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

817
Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
817
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids01:21

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

676
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
676

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Atmospheric Carbon and Transport - America (ACT-America) Data Sets: Description, Management, and Delivery.

Earth and space science (Hoboken, N.J.)·2021
Same author

Conservation. Biodiversity risks from fossil fuel extraction.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2013
Same author

A low tilt waveform in the transthoracic defibrillation of ventricular arrhythmias during cardiac arrest.

Resuscitation·2012
Same author

A preliminary study on adaptive field-of-view tracking in peripheral digital subtraction angiography.

Journal of X-ray science and technology·2012
Same author

A Case of Hemiplegia, associated with great Hypertrophy of the Heart, and terminating by Rupture of the Aorta, producing Dissecting Aneurism.

Medico-chirurgical transactions·2010
Same author

CASES OF EMPYEMA OPENING THROUGH THE BRONCHI.

Association medical journal·2010

Related Experiment Videos

How safe and acceptable is cisapride?

J R Bennett1

  • 1Hull Royal Infirmary, England.

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. Supplement
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cisapride demonstrates a favorable safety profile with minimal adverse reactions, primarily mild diarrhea in 4% of users. The drug shows no significant impact on key physiological markers, supporting its safety in clinical use.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Safety

Background:

  • Cisapride is a gastrointestinal prokinetic agent.
  • Understanding its safety profile is crucial for clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and tolerability of Cisapride.
  • To identify potential adverse reactions and physiological effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of adverse event reports.
  • Assessment of clinical laboratory results.

Main Results:

  • Diarrhea was the most frequent adverse reaction, reported in approximately 4% of individuals.
  • Cisapride exhibited no antidopaminergic effects, including no neuro-endocrine or extrapyramidal reactions.
  • Clinical laboratory tests indicated no adverse effects on hematology, blood chemistry, liver, or kidney function.

Conclusions:

  • Cisapride possesses a favorable safety profile.
  • The drug is well-tolerated with a low incidence of significant adverse events.
  • Clinical laboratory data support the safety of Cisapride for patient use.