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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Update on paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea

Eleonora Dehlink1, Hui-Leng Tan1

  • 11 Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK ; 2 National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.

Journal of Thoracic Disease
|February 24, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in children causes breathing problems during sleep, leading to health issues. Understanding its causes, risks, and treatments is crucial for better child development and health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Child Health

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) condition.
  • OSA is linked to significant morbidity, affecting neurocognitive development, behavior, cardiovascular health, and metabolic balance.
  • Low-grade systemic inflammation and oxidative stress are implicated in OSA-related morbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of obstructive sleep apnoea in children.
  • To summarize the aetiology, underlying mechanisms, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric OSA.
  • To highlight the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the OSA phenotype.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on pediatric obstructive sleep apnoea.
  • Synthesis of information regarding the causes, consequences, and management of OSA in children.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to the variability in OSA-related morbidity.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric OSA is a prevalent condition with wide-ranging health implications.
  • Inflammation and oxidative stress play a role in OSA's detrimental effects.
  • Genetic and environmental interactions significantly influence individual patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Effective diagnosis and management of pediatric OSA are essential to mitigate long-term health risks.
  • Further research into the interplay of genetic and environmental factors can refine treatment strategies.
  • Addressing OSA in children is critical for preventing developmental and cardiovascular complications.

Keywords:
Paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea (paediatric OSA)sleep-disordered breathing in childhood (SDB in childhood)

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