Granulomatous Interstitial Nephritis Presenting as Hypercalcemia and Nephrolithiasis

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Immunology
• Pathology

Background:

• Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease.
• Acute kidney injury (AKI) can be a presenting sign of sarcoidosis.
• Granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) is a rare renal manifestation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of AKI as the initial manifestation of sarcoidosis.
• To highlight the importance of diagnosing and treating renal-limited GIN.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 55-year-old male.
• Evaluation of hypercalcemia and AKI.
• Renal biopsy to identify GIN.
• Treatment with glucocorticoids.

Main Results:

• Patient presented with hypercalcemia and AKI.
• Renal biopsy confirmed GIN.
• Glucocorticoid therapy improved hypercalcemia and renal function.

Conclusions:

• Renal-limited GIN due to sarcoidosis can cause severe AKI.
• Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent progressive renal failure.