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Making Waves toward the Shore by Synchronicity.

Hiromi Shimojo¹, Ryoichiro Kageyama²

¹Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.

Developmental Cell

|February 25, 2016

Summary

Presomitic mesoderm cells self-organize into synchronized gene expression patterns. These cells tune their oscillations based on neighbors, reestablishing wave-like dynamics after dissociation.

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Area of Science:

Developmental biology
Systems biology
Cellular dynamics

Background:

The presomitic mesoderm (PSM) is crucial for segmentation during vertebrate development.
Understanding how cellular oscillations coordinate across tissues is fundamental to developmental processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the self-organizing capacity of dissociated PSM cells.
To determine if PSM cells can reestablish oscillatory gene expression patterns in vitro.

Main Methods:

Dissociation of PSM cells from zebrafish embryos.
In vitro culture and live imaging of cell mixtures.
Analysis of gene expression dynamics (e.g., Hes7 oscillations).

Main Results:

Randomized mixtures of dissociated PSM cells spontaneously reestablished wave-like patterns of oscillatory gene expression.
The oscillation dynamics were tuned by cell-cell interactions, demonstrating a response to the surrounding cellular environment.
PSM cells effectively self-organized into phase-coupled oscillators.

Conclusions:

PSM cells possess intrinsic self-organization properties that allow for the reestablishment of developmental rhythms.
Cell-cell communication is critical for coordinating oscillatory gene expression and robust pattern formation in the PSM.