Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management
05:35

Author Spotlight: Developing a Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Estimation Method for Anemia Management

Published on: January 19, 2024

1.7K

Iron Deficiency and Iron-deficiency Anemia in Toddlers Ages 18 to 36 Months: A Prospective Study

Carina Levin1, Shira Harpaz, Isam Muklashi

  • 1*Pediatric Department B and Pediatric Hematology Unit, Emek Medical Center, Afula ‡Clalit Health Services, Northern District †The Ruth and Baruch Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|February 25, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are common in toddlers, even after iron supplementation. Early detection and continued monitoring are crucial for neurodevelopment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Science
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common cause of anemia in young children.
  • ID can negatively impact long-term neurodevelopment and behavior.
  • Prevalence of ID and IDA in toddlers requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of ID and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in healthy toddlers aged 18-36 months in Northern Israel.
  • To assess risk factors associated with ID and IDA.
  • To compare iron status with first-year screening results.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of 256 healthy children aged 18-36 months.
  • Complete blood count and ferritin levels were measured.
  • Risk factors were assessed, and hemoglobin (Hgb) was compared with first-year screening.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence: 5.8% IDA, 16.3% ID without anemia, 9.6% anemia with normal ferritin.
  • In infants nonanemic at 1 year (n=156), 19.9% had ID/IDA, and 12.8% developed anemia by study evaluation.
  • ID and IDA remained prevalent and could develop during the second year of life, despite supplementation and normal first-year screening.

Conclusions:

  • Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are prevalent in toddlers, even with iron supplementation and normal initial screening.
  • A significant subset of children may develop ID/IDA during their second year of life.
  • Continued monitoring and consideration of iron supplementation are essential for this vulnerable population.

More Related Videos

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes08:45

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

2.6K
Measurement of Tissue Non-Heme Iron Content using a Bathophenanthroline-Based Colorimetric Assay05:08

Measurement of Tissue Non-Heme Iron Content using a Bathophenanthroline-Based Colorimetric Assay

Published on: January 31, 2022

5.7K

Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
2.9K
Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles01:24

Microbes and Other Elemental Cycles

Microbial activity plays a pivotal role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron and manganese, especially at the redox gradients characteristic of stratified aquatic environments. These cycles are driven by microbial transformations between oxidized and reduced forms of the metals, allowing organisms to exploit them for metabolic energy and structural purposes.Iron Cycling Across Redox GradientsIn neutral, oxygen-rich surface waters, iron is predominantly found in its oxidized, insoluble ferric...
42
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
726
The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements00:57

The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements

OverviewElements are the smallest units of matter that cannot be broken down further by chemical processes. There are 118 known elements, but not all of these are naturally-occurring, and fewer still are essential for life. Living matter is composed primarily of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, with smaller amounts of other elements like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur. Other elements are also necessary for life but only in trace amounts.The Periodic Table Provides Information...
205.4K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
693
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
2.8K