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Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
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Biomaterials in Rhinology.

Conner J Massey1, Jeffrey D Suh2, Belachew Tessema3

  • 1Division of Otolaryngology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|February 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This review examines rhinologic biomaterials for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Newer absorbable options show promise, potentially matching nonabsorbable materials while reducing complications, with steroid-eluting types offering anti-inflammatory benefits.

Keywords:
absorbable packingbiomaterialschronic rhinosinusitisdrug-eluting stentsendoscopic sinus surgeryhemostasisnasal packingremovable packingrhinologywound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Rhinology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Chronic rhinosinusitis management often involves endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).
  • Various nonabsorbable and absorbable rhinologic biomaterials have been developed to enhance surgical outcomes.
  • These biomaterials aim to control bleeding, optimize wound healing, and reduce inflammation post-ESS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent evidence on biomaterials used in rhinology.
  • To focus on outcomes such as bleeding, wound healing, and inflammation after ESS.
  • To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of different biomaterial types.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search across MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov.
  • Utilized combinatorial search terms for primary literature identification.
  • Applied specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to select relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • Clinical trials show varied performance among biomaterials; no single superior option is definitively identified.
  • Nonabsorbable biomaterials remain effective for specific outcomes.
  • Newer absorbable biomaterials demonstrate comparable efficacy and avoid packing removal morbidity.
  • Steroid-eluting biomaterials show early promise in reducing inflammation and improving wound healing.

Conclusions:

  • While some biomaterials excel in hemostasis and wound healing (e.g., chitosan gel, fibrin glue), they don't target mucosal inflammation.
  • Steroid-eluting systems show potential for reducing disease recurrence post-ESS.
  • Further research is necessary to ascertain long-term outcomes of steroid-eluting biomaterials.