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Bartonella spp. in Small Mammals, Benin.

Aarón Martin-Alonso1, Gualbert Houemenou2, Estefanía Abreu-Yanes1

  • 11 University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna , Canary Islands, Spain .

Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)
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Bartonella bacteria were found in small mammals in Benin, including a potential new species, Candidatus Bartonella mastomydis. This discovery highlights the public health importance of zoonotic Bartonella in the region.

Keywords:
BartonellaPCRRodentsVector-borne

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Zoonotic Disease Research
  • Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

  • Bartonella species are increasingly recognized as important zoonotic pathogens.
  • Small mammals serve as reservoirs for various Bartonella genotypes.
  • Limited data exists on Bartonella prevalence in West African small mammal populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella in small mammals in Cotonou, Benin.
  • To identify Bartonella species and characterize novel strains.
  • To assess the public health implications of detected Bartonella infections.

Main Methods:

  • Small mammals (rodents and insectivores) were trapped and sampled in Cotonou, Benin.
  • Bartonella DNA was detected using molecular methods (PCR).
  • Genetic characterization involved sequencing housekeeping genes (rpoB, gltA) and intergenic regions.

Main Results:

  • Bartonella DNA was detected in 13 out of 175 small mammals.
  • Identified Bartonella spp. were closely related to Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella tribocorum, and Bartonella rochalimae.
  • A potential new species, Candidatus Bartonella mastomydis, was identified in three Mastomys individuals.
  • Gray rats (Rattus norvegicus) showed a 20.8% infection rate, while black rats (Rattus rattus) were negative.

Conclusions:

  • This study reveals the presence of diverse Bartonella species in small mammals in Benin.
  • The identification of Candidatus Bartonella mastomydis expands our understanding of Bartonella diversity.
  • The zoonotic potential of these Bartonella species necessitates further investigation due to public health concerns.