Drug structural features affect drug delivery from hyperbranched polyesteramide hot melt extrudates

The aim of this study was firstly to evaluate the utility of Hybrane S1200 as a hot melt extrusion (HME) carrier to prepare instant-release multiparticulate systems for very poorly-soluble drugs such as ketoconazole or nifedipine. Hybrane S1200 allows an easy extrusion of its drug mixtures at a relatively low temperature, not higher than 90°C, and with no need of any additional aid. Extrudates containing 10% of nifedipine or ketoconazole form monophasic systems. Nifedipine extrudate shows no drug release in drug dissolution rate tests while ketoconazole extrudate release reaches only 60% of drug content. Additionally, a turbidity in the dissolution medium due to the formation of a kind of polymer vesicles (ranging 3-0.2μm in size) is observed. These facts could suggest a chemical interaction between the polymer and both drugs, triggered by the HME process. Both nifedipine and ketoconazole share characteristic acid-base profiles that could facilitate a degradation processes within the polymer, thus modifying Hybrane's water-solubility and polar nature. Such modified polymer structure, when in aqueous medium, forms the aforementioned stable vesicles that may encapsulate the drugs, thus making its delivery difficult or even preventing it.