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Expansion of Microbial Forensics.

Sarah E Schmedes1, Antti Sajantila2, Bruce Budowle3

  • 1Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Institute of Applied Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.

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Summary
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Microbial forensics uses scientific methods to analyze microbial evidence for criminal and civil cases. Advances in sequencing and bioinformatics enable new forensic applications, broadening its scope.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Microbiology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Microbial forensics traditionally focused on bioterrorism and biocrimes for attribution.
  • Technological advancements over 15 years have expanded its potential applications.
  • Massively parallel sequencing and bioinformatics are key enabling technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To redefine microbial forensics based on current technological capabilities.
  • To highlight the expanded applications of microbial evidence analysis in legal contexts.
  • To broaden the scope of microbial forensics beyond attribution.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microbial evidence using advanced sequencing technologies.
  • Application of bioinformatics tools for microbial characterization.
  • Review of existing and emerging forensic applications of microbiology.

Main Results:

  • Microbial forensics can be applied to human identification.
  • Microbial analysis aids in body fluid characterization.
  • It assists in postmortem interval estimation and tracking infectious agents in biocrimes.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial forensics is a rapidly evolving discipline.
  • Technological progress has broadened its utility in criminal and civil investigations.
  • The field should encompass the analysis of all microbial evidence for investigative purposes.