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Tumor suppressive role of sestrin2 during colitis and colon carcinogenesis

Seung-Hyun Ro1,2, Xiang Xue1, Sadeesh K Ramakrishnan1

  • 1Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States.

Elife
|February 26, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Sestrins, stress-inducible proteins, suppress mTORC1 and ER stress. Sestrin2 loss accelerates colon inflammation and cancer by impairing p53

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • mTORC1 and ER stress pathways are key regulators of intestinal inflammation and colon cancer.
  • Sestrins are stress-inducible proteins that inhibit both mTORC1 and ER stress.
  • The precise role of Sestrins in colon physiology and tumorigenesis remains unclear due to limited research in human tissues and animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Sestrins, specifically Sestrin2, in colon inflammation and cancer.
  • To examine Sestrin2 expression in human ulcerative colitis and during colon carcinogenesis.
  • To elucidate Sestrin2's function in regulating ER stress, epithelial recovery, and tumor growth in the colon.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of human colon tissue from ulcerative colitis patients and during carcinogenesis.
  • Studies in mouse colon models to assess Sestrin2's role in inflammatory injury and recovery.
  • Investigation of Sestrin2's involvement in p53-mediated control of mTORC1 signaling during colitis-associated tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

  • Human SESN2 expression was elevated in ulcerative colitis but decreased with p53 inactivation during colon cancer development.
  • Sestrin2 was essential for limiting ER stress and facilitating epithelial cell repair following inflammatory damage in mouse colon.
  • Sestrin2 mediated p53's regulation of mTORC1 signaling and tumor cell proliferation in colitis-promoted colon cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Sestrin2 acts as a crucial tumor suppressor in the colon.
  • Downregulation of Sestrin2 exacerbates both colitis and colon carcinogenesis.
  • Sestrin2 is a novel therapeutic target for managing intestinal inflammation and colon cancer.
Keywords:
cell biologycolitiscolon cancerhumanhuman biologymedicinemousep53sestrin2tumor suppressor

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