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Published on: October 20, 2017
[Cerebrovascular disease in childhood. Case series]
Ana P Graziano1, Andrea Sancilio2, Mariela Bugalter2
1Cuidados Intermedios Pediátricos, Hospital de Alta Complejidad en Red "El Cruce. Néstor Carlos Kirchner", Florencio Varela, Buenos Aires, B1888AAE, Argentina. anitagraziano@hotmail.com.
Insights
Childhood stroke, though rare, presents acutely and can be fatal in pediatric patients. This study of 18 children found ischemic stroke most common, with most patients experiencing favorable outcomes and few sequelae a year later.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Childhood stroke is a rare but serious neurological event in pediatric patients.
- It can manifest as ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, often presenting acutely.
- Stroke is a significant cause of mortality in children.
Observation:
- The study analyzed 18 pediatric patients under 15 years old admitted between July 2009 and June 2014.
- A predominance of male patients with a median age of 5 years was observed.
- Key clinical features included hemiparesis, seizures, headache, vomiting, and sensory impairment.
Findings:
- Ischemic stroke was the most frequent type, predominantly affecting the middle cerebral artery territory.
- Twelve out of 18 patients experienced no long-term neurological sequelae.
- Clinical presentation and neuroimaging were crucial for diagnosis, with a low rate of recurrence and death.
Implications:
- Early recognition of stroke signs and symptoms in children is vital.
- Neuroimaging plays an essential role in the timely diagnosis of pediatric stroke.
- Favorable clinical outcomes and low recurrence rates suggest effective management strategies are possible.
Abstract:
Stroke in childhood is considered rare. It may be ischemic or hemorrhagic. Its presentation is often acute and it is a leading cause of mortality in pediatrics. The aim of our work is to present the general features of stroke of 18 patients under 15 years of age admitted to the Hospital El Cruce, between July 2009 and June 2014, and their clinical outcome a year later. We observed a predominance of male patients and the median age of 5 years. The main clinical features were hemiparesis, seizures, headache and vomiting and sensory impairment. The most frequent type was ischemic and the middle cerebral artery territory was the most commonly involved. Twelve patients had no sequelae. The signs and symptoms were guiding stroke, neuroimaging studies were essential for diagnosis and patients evolved favorably with low number of recurrence and death.
