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Protein requirement in critical illness.

Leonard John Hoffer1,1

  • 1Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote-Ste-Catherine Road, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada.

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquee, Nutrition Et Metabolisme
|February 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Critically ill patients traditionally require high protein intake. Recent studies suggest limiting nutrients, but this review examines evidence and offers guidance for protein provision in critical care.

Keywords:
besoins nutritifsbesoins protéiquesbiaisbiascaloriescritical carecritical illnessenergyenteral nutritionmaladie gravenutrition entéralenutrition parentéralenutrition requirementsnutritional supportparenteral nutritionprotein requirementssoins intensifssoutien nutritifénergie

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Metabolic Response to Injury

Background:

  • Historically, a consensus supported high protein intake for critically ill patients.
  • Emerging research questions the necessity of high macronutrient provision in early critical illness.
  • Conflicting recommendations necessitate a review of current evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the rationale for generous protein provision in critical illness.
  • To analyze clinical trials challenging the high protein requirement.
  • To provide recommendations for clinical practice and future research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical recommendations and recent clinical trials.
  • Analysis of studies investigating macronutrient intake in critical illness.
  • Synthesis of evidence to address conflicting viewpoints.

Main Results:

  • The review details the established basis for high protein requirements.
  • Analysis reveals potential limitations or alternative interpretations of recent trials.
  • Evidence supports continued consideration of adequate protein delivery.

Conclusions:

  • The longstanding recommendation for ample protein in critical illness remains relevant.
  • Further clinical investigation is needed to refine optimal macronutrient strategies.
  • Clinical practice should carefully consider individual patient needs for protein.