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Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Pelvic Tumors: Clinical Indications and Protocols Under Investigation
Marco Maccauro1, Alice Lorenzoni, Flavio Crippa
1From the *Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS National Tumor Institute of Milan, Milan; †Department of Nuclear Medicine, Regional Center of Nuclear Medicine, Santa Chiara Hospital, Pisa, Italy; ‡Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cancer Imaging, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom; §Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Centre Hospitalier and Biophysique, Faculté Charles Mérieux, Lyon, France; ∥Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; and ¶Departments of Nuclear Medicine, Radiology, Neuroradiology, Medical Physics, Laboratory, Microbiology, and Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy.
Abstract:
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) sampling is an attractive alternative to complete lymphadenectomy. Based on the identification and sampling of the first LN draining a primary tumor, SLN biopsy is the most accurate and the only reliable method for microscopic nodal staging for solid tumors including breast cancer and melanoma. Lymph node status in pelvic tumors remains the most important prognostic factor for recurrence and survival and a major decision criterion for adjuvant therapy. We review the clinical indications, controversies, and perspective of SLN biopsy in male and female pelvic cancers.
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