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A Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell PBMC Engrafted Humanized Xenograft Model for Translational Immuno-oncology I-O Research
Published on: August 15, 2019
Immune checkpoint pathways: perspectives on myeloid malignancies
Gabriel A Rivera1, Iman Saramipoor Behbahan2, Peter L Greenberg1
1a Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology , Stanford Cancer Institute , Stanford , CA , USA ;
Abstract:
Immunologic tolerance to cancer has recently been shown to have major implications for the ability of tumors to survive despite a variety of therapeutic approaches. A critical mechanism underlying this microenvironment dysfunction relates to the ability of tumor cells to block immune check points through expression of specific proteins that interfere with immune cell effector function. Recent advances based on this model have led translational work showing therapeutic efficacy in a variety of solid and lymphoid tumors. Myeloid malignancies, in particular myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), have significant immune dysregulation of variable degree based on their clinical stages which makes feasible extending such therapeutic approaches to this group of diseases. This review will discuss recent advances in the field of immune checkpoint biology including recent clinical trials with checkpoint inhibitors in patients with a variety of clinical conditions, with focus on such potential therapy in patients with myeloid malignancies.
Insights
Cancer immune tolerance allows tumors to survive. Blocking immune checkpoints, which tumor cells use to evade immune responses, shows promise for treating various cancers, including myeloid malignancies like myelodysplastic syndromes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Tumor cells can evade immune detection through mechanisms like immune tolerance.
- Immune checkpoints are proteins expressed by tumor cells that inhibit immune cell function, promoting tumor survival.
- Recent therapeutic strategies targeting immune checkpoints have shown efficacy in solid and lymphoid tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in immune checkpoint biology.
- To discuss the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors for treating myeloid malignancies, specifically myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on immune checkpoint biology and therapy.
- Analysis of clinical trial data for checkpoint inhibitors in various cancers.
- Focus on the applicability of these therapies to myeloid malignancies.
Main Results:
- Immune checkpoint blockade has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in diverse tumor types.
- Myeloid malignancies, including MDS, exhibit immune dysregulation making them potential candidates for immunotherapy.
- Checkpoint inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic avenue for patients with myeloid malignancies.
Conclusions:
- Targeting immune checkpoints is a validated strategy for cancer therapy.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors hold significant potential for treating myelodysplastic syndromes and other myeloid malignancies.
- Further research and clinical trials are warranted to optimize immunotherapy for these hematologic cancers.
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