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A Micro-Thermal Sensor for Focal Therapy Applications.

Harishankar Natesan1, Wyatt Hodges2, Jeunghwan Choi1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

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A new micro-thermal sensor using the "3ω" technique accurately measures properties of thin tissues for focal therapies. This technology aids in treatment planning and in vivo monitoring for procedures like pulmonary vein cryoablation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Thermal Physics
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Focal therapies require precise in vivo monitoring of thermal properties, tissue thickness, and fluid dynamics in thin tissues.
  • Accurate measurements are crucial for treatment planning and real-time feedback during procedures like pulmonary vein cryoablation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of a micro-thermal sensor based on the supported "3ω" technique for measuring thermal properties and other parameters in thin tissues.
  • To provide new in vitro data on thermal conductivity and fluid interactions relevant to pulmonary vein cryoablation.

Main Methods:

  • Microfabrication of "3ω" sensors on a flat glass substrate.
  • Utilizing the "3ω" technique in both traditional and dynamic modes for thermal property and fluid interaction measurements.
  • Testing the sensor on porcine pulmonary vein, esophagus, and phrenic nerve tissues.

Main Results:

  • The "3ω" sensor achieved mm to sub-mm accuracy in measuring thermal properties (thermal conductivity, k) of relevant tissues.
  • Dynamic mode measurements provided insights into tissue-fluid contact, fluid flow, tissue thickness, and phase change.
  • New thermal conductivity data for porcine PV, esophagus, and phrenic nerve were obtained.

Conclusions:

  • The supported "3ω" micro-thermal sensor shows significant promise for in vitro applications in focal therapy monitoring.
  • Further development is warranted to integrate and test these sensors on in vivo focal therapy probes such as balloons or catheters.