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Related Experiment Videos

1,1'-Nitramino-5,5'-bitetrazoles.

Dennis Fischer1, Thomas M Klapötke2, Jörg Stierstorfer1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Energetic Materials Research, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (D), 81377, München, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|February 27, 2016
PubMed
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See all related articles

Newly synthesized nitrogen-rich compounds, 1,1'-dinitramino-5,5'-bitetrazole and 1,1'-dinitramino-5,5'-azobitetrazole, are powerful yet extremely sensitive explosives. Their properties were tuned by forming nitrogen-rich salts, with potential applications in energetic materials.

Area of Science:

  • Energetic Materials Science
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • The development of novel energetic materials with high performance and tunable sensitivity is crucial for various applications.
  • Nitrogen-rich compounds, particularly those containing tetrazole rings, are promising candidates due to their high heats of formation and gas generation potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize two new neutral compounds: 1,1 '-dinitramino-5,5 '-bitetrazole and 1,1 '-dinitramino-5,5 '-azobitetrazole.
  • To explore the effect of forming nitrogen-rich salts on the sensitivity and performance of these novel energetic materials.
  • To evaluate the potential of these compounds as high-performance energetic materials.

Main Methods:

  • First-time synthesis of 1,1 '-dinitramino-5,5 '-bitetrazole and 1,1 '-dinitramino-5,5 '-azobitetrazole.
Keywords:
energetic materialsnitraminessolid-state structuretetrazoles

Related Experiment Videos

  • Characterization using low-temperature X-ray diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopy, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential thermal analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (DTA/DSC).
  • Energetic performance calculations using the EXPLO5 code, incorporating calculated heats of formation (CBS-4M) and X-ray densities.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful synthesis and characterization of the target neutral compounds and their nitrogen-rich salts.
    • Experimental and computational data confirm high energetic performances for the 1,1 '-dinitramino-5,5 '-bitetrazole derivatives.
    • Sensitivity studies revealed that most compounds exhibit sensitivities comparable to primary explosives, necessitating careful handling.

    Conclusions:

    • The synthesized 1,1 '-dinitramino-5,5 '-bitetrazole and 1,1 '-dinitramino-5,5 '-azobitetrazole are potent energetic materials.
    • The formation of nitrogen-rich salts effectively modulates sensitivity and performance characteristics.
    • These compounds represent a significant advancement in the field of energetic materials, though their high sensitivity requires stringent safety protocols.