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Related Concept Videos

Asepsis01:28

Asepsis

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The condition of being free from disease-causing living pathogens is asepsis. Aseptic techniques include a set of standard practices to achieve asepsis. An example is the regular environmental cleaning of all parts of the healthcare facility and hand hygiene at home before preparing or eating food. Medical and surgical asepsis in healthcare practice protects patients from harmful pathogens, minimizes the risk of contamination of susceptible sites, and reduces the risk of infection transmission.
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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Design of Cecal Ligation and Puncture and Intranasal Infection Dual Model of Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression
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Sepsis: older and newer concepts.

Jean-Louis Vincent1, Jean-Paul Mira2, Massimo Antonelli3

  • 1Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

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Sepsis, a critical condition in intensive care units, requires early diagnosis and treatment. New definitions emphasize organ dysfunction, aiming for standardized sepsis identification in clinical practice and research.

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Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Clinical diagnostics

Background:

  • Sepsis is a frequent complication and cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs).
  • Current management focuses on infection control and organ support, necessitating early intervention.
  • Existing sepsis definitions have limitations, hindering timely diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review historical sepsis definitions and their limitations.
  • To introduce new consensus definitions for sepsis.
  • To emphasize the role of organ dysfunction in sepsis identification.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of historical sepsis terminology.
  • Introduction of proposed new consensus definitions.
  • Highlighting the importance of organ dysfunction in the new definitions.

Main Results:

  • Older sepsis definitions have notable limitations.
  • New consensus definitions emphasize organ dysfunction.
  • A more standardized approach to sepsis identification is proposed.

Conclusions:

  • Revised sepsis definitions are crucial for early and accurate patient identification.
  • Standardized definitions will benefit both clinical practice and research.
  • Focusing on organ dysfunction improves sepsis recognition.