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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
674
Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

800
Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

907
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
907
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation

756
Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction
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Unusual Outflow Tract Ventricular Tachycardia.

Kara S Motonaga1, Scott R Ceresnak1, Henry H Hsia2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics
|February 28, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Differentiating ventricular tachycardia originating from the right or left outflow tract is challenging. A detailed anatomical understanding and advanced imaging, like intracardiac echocardiography, improve procedural success and patient safety.

Keywords:
HeartOutflow tractVentricular arrhythmiaVentricular tachycardia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Distinguishing premature ventricular contractions/ventricular tachycardia (PVCs/VT) originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) versus the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is clinically significant.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) findings alone can be insufficient for accurate localization, posing diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • A systematic and meticulous approach to mapping the ventricular outflow regions and great vessels is crucial.
  • Understanding outflow tract anatomy is key to increasing procedural success rates.

Findings:

  • Multimodality imaging, especially real-time intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), is essential for precise anatomical definition.
  • ICE guidance aids in ensuring adequate catheter contact during electrophysiology procedures.

Implications:

  • Utilizing advanced imaging techniques like ICE can decrease the risk of damage to adjacent structures and the conduction system.
  • Improved anatomical understanding and mapping strategies enhance the safety and efficacy of PVC/VT ablation procedures.