Nutrition Status Parameters and Hydration Status by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis Were Associated With Lung Function Impairment in Children and Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis
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Daniela Barbieri Hauschild1, Eliana Barbosa2, Emilia Addison Machado Moreira1
1Department of Nutrition and Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Insights
Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) show poorer nutrition and hydration status compared to healthy peers. These factors, along with specific body composition metrics, are linked to impaired lung function in CF patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Pulmonology
- Body Composition Analysis
Background:
- Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects multiple organs, including those involved in nutrient absorption and hydration.
- Assessing nutritional and hydration status is crucial for managing CF complications.
- Lung function decline is a primary concern in pediatric CF management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the nutrition and hydration status of children/adolescents with CF to a control group.
- To investigate the association between nutrition, hydration, and lung function in children with CF.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 46 children/adolescents with CF and a control group.
- Utilized nutrition screening, anthropometric measurements, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).
- Calculated various z-scores and performed bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA); lung function assessed via spirometry.
Main Results:
- Children with CF exhibited significantly lower anthropometric parameters and higher BIA-derived hydration indicators (z-resistance/height, z-reactance/height) compared to controls.
- Over 51% of the CF group had impaired lung function, and 43% showed signs of dehydration.
- Poor nutrition status, dehydration, and altered BIA parameters were significantly associated with impaired lung function in the CF group.
Conclusions:
- Children and adolescents with CF have compromised nutrition and hydration status.
- Nutrition screening, anthropometric measurements, BIA parameters, and hydration status are key indicators associated with lung function in pediatric CF.
Background:
(1) To compare nutrition and hydration status between a group of children/adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CFG; n = 46; median age, 8.5 years) and a control group without cystic fibrosis (CG). (2) To examine the association of nutrition and hydration status with lung function in the CFG.
Material And Methods:
A cross-sectional study. Nutrition screening, anthropometric parameters, and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were assessed. The z scores for body mass index for age, height for age, mid upper arm circumference, triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness, mid upper arm muscle area, resistance/height, and reactance/height were calculated. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis was conducted. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second <80% was considered lung function impairment. An adjusted logistic regression was applied (P < .05).
Results:
In the CFG, lung function impairment was observed in 51.1%. All anthropometric parameters were lower, and the mean z-resistance/height and z-reactance/height were higher in the CFG (P < .05) compared with the CG. In the CFG, 43% were severely/mildly dehydrated, while none were in the CG (P = .007). In the CFG, there was an association between high nutrition risk-via nutrition screening (odds ratio [OR], 22.28; P < .05), lower values of anthropometric parameters, higher z-resistance/height (OR, 2.23; P < .05) and z-reactance/height (OR, 1.81; P < .05), and dehydration (OR, 4.94; P < .05)-and lung function impairment.
Conclusions:
The CFG exhibited a compromised nutrition status assessed by anthropometric and BIA parameters. Nutrition screening, anthropometric and BIA parameters, and hydration status were associated with lung function.
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