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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

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Dyslipidemia, carotid intima-media thickness and endothelial dysfunction in children with chronic kidney disease

Priyanka Khandelwal1, Vijaya Murugan1, Smriti Hari2

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|February 28, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have higher rates of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis, indicated by increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT). Elevated LDL cholesterol is linked to higher cIMT, suggesting increased cardiovascular risk in pediatric CKD.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis.
  • Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) are key markers of atherosclerosis.
  • Limited data exists on dyslipidemia's impact on these markers in pre-dialysis pediatric CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis markers (cIMT, FMD) in pre-dialysis pediatric CKD patients.
  • To identify predictors of dyslipidemia and elevated cIMT in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 80 pre-dialysis pediatric CKD patients and 42 controls.
  • Evaluation of lipid profiles, cIMT, and brachial artery FMD.
  • Statistical analysis using Student's t test, linear regression, and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric CKD patients exhibited significantly higher triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol levels compared to controls.
  • Dyslipidemia was prevalent in 73.8% of patients.
  • Patients showed significantly higher cIMT and reduced FMD compared to controls.
  • Hypertension and male gender were associated with dyslipidemia; elevated LDL cholesterol predicted increased cIMT.

Conclusions:

  • Dyslipidemia and elevated cIMT are common in pre-dialysis pediatric CKD, signaling increased cardiovascular risk.
  • The findings highlight a strong link between dyslipidemia, particularly elevated LDL cholesterol, and atherosclerosis in early-stage pediatric kidney disease.
Abstract

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisChronic renal insufficiencyHypertensionLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolTriglyceride

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