A review of neurological complications in AIDS

Involvement of the central nervous system is now being recognized as an important aspect of HIV infection. Acting as a sanctuary site, it may pose problems to effective therapeutic strategies. HIV-induced AIDS dementia complex is the commonest mode of presentation. Other causes include opportunistic infections and, more infrequently, malignancies. The precise diagnosis is often difficult to make and requires the judicious use of the CT scan. Treatment has been disappointing and is characterized by frequent relapses.