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Renoprotective effect of diosgenin in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Divya M Kanchan1, Gauresh S Somani1, Vaibhavi V Peshattiwar1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (University Under Section-3 of UGC Act 1956), Mumbai, India.
Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder associated with genesis of diabetes related vascular diseases. Oxidative stress along with inflammation is the major causative factor leading to diabetic complications. The present study examined the protective effect of diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, in diabetes induced early kidney injury.
Methods:
Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (45mg/kg) in rats followed by treatment for 28 days with diosgenin (5, 10 and 20mg/kg, oral). Blood glucose levels, lipid profile, serum advanced glycation end-products, biomarkers of kidney damage like urinary protein excretion, kidney hypertrophy index and creatinine in serum and urine were determined. Biochemical analysis of oxidative stress parameters such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and myeloperoxidase level were evaluated in kidney homogenates. Histopathological evaluation of kidney was also studied.
Results:
Treatment with diosgenin significantly ameliorated the altered oxidative stress levels in STZ induced diabetic rats resulting in decreased LPO and increased endogenous antioxidant levels in a dose-dependent manner. Blood glucose was significantly decreased at 20mg/kg. The distorted levels of biomarkers suggestive of kidney damage were significantly normalized by diosgenin providing protection to kidneys also confirmed by histopathological studies. Decreased myeloperoxidase levels in diosgenin treatment groups revealed its anti-inflammatory activity.
Conclusion:
The above study justifies diosgenin as a promising candidate in diabetes associated complication through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Insights
Diosgenin, a natural compound, protects against diabetes-induced kidney damage by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. This study shows its potential in managing diabetic complications.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder linked to vascular complications.
- Oxidative stress and inflammation are key drivers of diabetic complications.
- Early kidney injury is a common diabetic complication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of diosgenin against diabetes-induced kidney injury.
- To evaluate diosgenin's impact on oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy.
Main Methods:
- Diabetes was induced in rats using streptozotocin.
- Rats were treated with varying doses of diosgenin for 28 days.
- Kidney damage, oxidative stress markers, and histopathology were assessed.
Main Results:
- Diosgenin treatment dose-dependently reduced oxidative stress and improved antioxidant levels.
- Blood glucose levels were significantly decreased by diosgenin.
- Kidney damage biomarkers and histopathology showed significant improvement, indicating renal protection and anti-inflammatory effects.
Conclusions:
- Diosgenin demonstrates significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
- Diosgenin is a promising therapeutic candidate for managing diabetes-associated kidney complications.
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