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Juvenile idiopathic arthritis and the temporomandibular joint: A comprehensive review

S El Assar de la Fuente1, O Angenete2, S Jellestad3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Dr. Negrin Hospital, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.

Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
|March 1, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently affects the temporomandibular joint in children. This review summarizes imaging techniques for JIA-associated temporomandibular joint disease, aiding diagnosis and management.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most prevalent inflammatory rheumatic disease in childhood.
  • Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in JIA can be asymptomatic but lead to severe long-term complications.
  • Up to 87% of children with JIA exhibit TMJ involvement, often detected via imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive summary of contemporary literature on TMJ imaging in children with JIA.
  • To evaluate the utility and limitations of various imaging modalities for diagnosing and monitoring TMJ disease in pediatric JIA patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on TMJ imaging in pediatric JIA.
  • Discussion of ultrasound, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound is useful for guided injections but may miss acute inflammation.
  • CBCT offers a feasible, accurate, low-dose alternative to conventional CT for detecting destructive changes.
  • MRI is the preferred method for assessing acute inflammation, though normative standards are lacking in children.

Conclusions:

  • Various imaging modalities play distinct roles in evaluating TMJ involvement in JIA.
  • Accurate diagnosis and management of JIA-related TMJ disease require careful selection and interpretation of imaging findings.
  • Further research is needed to establish normative standards for MRI in pediatric TMJ assessment.

Keywords:
ImagingJuvenile idiopathic arthritisMRIReviewTemporomandibular jointUltrasound

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