Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Subliminal Perception01:15

Subliminal Perception

988
Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
988
First Impression01:09

First Impression

355
First impressions play a crucial role in social perception, shaping how individuals assess others in professional, academic, and interpersonal contexts. Psychological research highlights the significance of cognitive biases, such as the primacy and recency effects, which influence how people interpret and recall information.The Primacy Effect and Cognitive AnchoringThe primacy effect describes the tendency for initial information to impact judgment disproportionately. When individuals encounter...
355
Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior01:28

Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior

323
Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
323
Serial Position Effect01:03

Serial Position Effect

656
The serial position effect is a cognitive phenomenon where individuals are more likely to recall the first and last items in a list compared to those in the middle. This effect is divided into the primacy effect and the recency effect. The primacy effect is observed when the initial items in a list are remembered better. This occurs because these items are rehearsed more frequently or receive more elaborative processing, allowing them to be encoded into long-term memory more effectively. For...
656
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

565
Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
565
Subconsciousness and No Awareness01:15

Subconsciousness and No Awareness

791
The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
791

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluation of the Voice and Communication Situation Questionnaire Developed With and for Transgender and Gender-Diverse People Presumed Female at Birth.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2025
Same author

Interpretability and clinical utility of the strength and stressors in parenting questionnaire.

Scandinavian journal of psychology·2024
Same author

Effect of vertical, horizontal, and combined plyometric training on jump, sprint and change of direction performance in male soccer players.

PloS one·2024
Same author

FreDESS: a clinical tool for perceptual evaluation of stuttering.

Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology·2024
Same author

Gender-Affirming Voice Training for Trans Women: Acoustic Outcomes and Their Associations With Listener Perceptions Related to Gender.

Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation·2024
Same author

Gender-Affirming Voice Training for Trans Women: Effectiveness of Training on Patient-Reported Outcomes and Listener Perceptions of Voice.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2023
Same journal

From silenced shock to strategic resilience: a longitudinal qualitative study of nurse residents' trajectory in coping with patient verbal abuse.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Validation of the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) for forest firefighters: implications for human-technology interaction and occupational safety in the future of work.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Development and validation of the football emotion scale for Chinese youth players: a psychometric study.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

From online engagement to offline action: how social media environmental engagement shapes university students' pro-environmental citizenship through intrinsic motivation and personal norms.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

The multidimensional inventory of religious/spiritual wellbeing in Hungarian language: psychometric properties and initial validation.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Effects of occupational factors on depression in Chinese veterans: a fsQCA study based on 2022 CFPS data.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm
12:12

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Published on: May 14, 2014

11.1K

Reversed Priming Effects May Be Driven by Misperception Rather than Subliminal Processing.

Anders Sand1

  • 1Gösta Ekmans Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University Stockholm, Sweden.

Frontiers in Psychology
|March 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that how individuals perceive primes significantly impacts Stroop priming effects. Averaging data may obscure crucial perception-dependent cognitive processes.

Keywords:
perceptionsignal detection theorystimulus strengthsubliminal primingtrial-based analysisunconscious processing

More Related Videos

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

11.2K
Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm
12:12

Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm

Published on: May 14, 2014

11.1K
A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
08:17

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

11.2K
Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Perception Research

Background:

  • Investigating cognitive processes independent of perception is challenging.
  • A novel paradigm uses intermediate prime signal strength to create perception variability.
  • This variability allows for studying the influence of prime perception on subsequent cognitive tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of prime identification responses on Stroop priming using a new paradigm.
  • To differentiate between perception-dependent and potentially subliminal processing influences.
  • To evaluate the utility of a new paradigm for analyzing perception-dependent processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a paradigm with intermediate prime signal strength causing trial-to-trial and inter-individual perception variability.
  • Employed an objective measure of prime perception.
  • Analyzed Stroop priming effects in relation to correct and incorrect prime identification responses.

Main Results:

  • Qualitatively different priming effects were observed for correct and incorrect prime identifications.
  • Incorrect identifications were linked to reversed priming, interpreted as misperception, not subliminal processing.
  • Inter-individual variability in prime perception influenced priming; only those perceiving primes showed Stroop priming.

Conclusions:

  • The new paradigm effectively captures perception-dependent processing by accounting for individual differences.
  • Conclusions about subliminal processes drawn from averaged data across individuals may be unreliable.
  • Understanding sensory states and individual perception variability is crucial for cognitive process research.