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Pathogenic Triad in Bacterial Meningitis: Pathogen Invasion, NF-κB Activation, and Leukocyte Transmigration that

Shifu Wang1, Liang Peng2, Zhongtao Gai3

  • 1Department of Children's Medical Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, China; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA, USA.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|March 1, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Bacterial meningitis, a major cause of disability, involves pathogen entry and immune responses at the blood-brain barrier. Understanding these early events is key to developing new treatments for this severe CNS infection.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Bacterial meningitis is a leading global cause of acquired disability and mortality.
  • Despite antibiotics and critical care, mortality rates remain high.
  • Pathogenesis involves complex host-pathogen interactions at the blood-brain barrier.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the early molecular and cellular events in bacterial meningitis pathogenesis.
  • To elucidate the interplay between pathogen invasion, immune signaling, and leukocyte migration.
  • To highlight the role of the blood-brain barrier in central nervous system inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on bacterial meningitis.
  • Analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms.
  • Focus on early pathogenic events at the blood-brain barrier.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial meningitis pathogenesis involves pathogen penetration of the blood-brain barrier.
  • Key early events include NF-κB activation and type 1 IFN signaling.
  • Leukocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier is a critical component.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the inter-correlated early events is crucial for elucidating meningitis mechanisms.
  • Insights into these processes may guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting early host-pathogen interactions offers potential for new interventions.
Keywords:
NF-κB activationbacterial meningitisblood-brain barrierleukocyte transmigrationpathogen invasionpathogenic triad

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