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Longitudinal changes in adiponectin multimer levels in preterm infants
Yuya Nakano1, Kazuo Itabashi1, Kazushige Dobashi1
1Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Insights
Preterm infants show declining levels of total adiponectin (T-Ad) and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-Ad) by 12 months. Early HMW-Ad levels in preterm infants significantly predict later changes, suggesting developmental programming.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal research
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic syndrome
Background:
- Preterm infants exhibit altered adiponectin levels at term-equivalent age.
- These infants face an increased risk of metabolic syndrome components later in life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To track longitudinal changes in adiponectin levels in preterm infants.
- To compare adiponectin levels between preterm and term infants over time.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study involving 42 preterm infants (≤34-week gestation) and 43 term infants.
- Serum total adiponectin (T-Ad) and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-Ad) measured at term-, 6-month, and 12-month equivalent ages in preterm infants.
- Longitudinal data from term infants were reviewed for comparison.
Main Results:
- Both T-Ad and HMW-Ad levels decreased by 12 months in preterm infants, mirroring term infant patterns.
- The ratio of HMW-Ad to T-Ad differed between groups at 6 months but normalized by 12 months.
- Early HMW-Ad levels at term-equivalent age were the sole significant predictor of HMW-Ad changes up to 12 months in preterm infants.
Conclusions:
- High-molecular-weight adiponectin levels decrease throughout infancy in both term and preterm infants.
- Adiponectin level changes in preterm infants during infancy may be influenced by factors present up to term-equivalent age.
Background:
Preterm infants have altered adiponectin levels at term-equivalent age and have a higher risk of developing components of the metabolic syndrome in later life than term infants.
Aims:
To investigate the longitudinal changes in adiponectin levels in preterm infants and to compare the levels between term and preterm infants.
Study Design:
A cohort study.
Subjects:
The study subjects were 43 term infants and 42 preterm infants born at ≤ 34-week gestation.
Outcome Measures:
Serum levels of total adiponectin (T-Ad) and high-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-Ad) were measured in 42 preterm infants at term-, 6 month-, and 12 month-equivalent ages. Moreover, the levels in 43 term infants investigated previously were reviewed.
Results:
In preterm infants, T-Ad and HMW-Ad levels at the 12 month-equivalent age were lower than at the term- and 6 month-equivalent ages (all values p<0.001), which was consistent with previous results in term infants. The difference in ratios of HMW-Ad to T-Ad between term and preterm infants continued at the 6 month-equivalent age but disappeared at the 12 month-equivalent age. Multiple regression analyses revealed that HMW-Ad levels at term-equivalent age were only a significant determinant of the changes in HMW-Ad between the term- and 12 month-equivalent ages in preterm infants (p<0.001).
Conclusions:
The HMW-Ad levels decline till the 12 month-equivalent age in both term and preterm infants. The changes in HMW-Ad level during infancy might be determined at least to a certain degree up to term-equivalent age in preterm infants.
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