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Occlusal adjustment for a physiologically balanced occlusion.

D C McNamara

    The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
    |September 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Occlusal adjustments effectively reduce masticatory reflexes in patients with functional disturbances. Electromyography confirms these changes, bringing reflex activity within normal ranges and measurable by electrophysical methods.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuromuscular dentistry
    • Biomedical engineering
    • Dental occlusion research

    Background:

    • Masticatory system disorders can involve neuromuscular disturbances.
    • Occlusal adjustments aim to restore proper jaw function.
    • Quantifying neuromuscular responses to occlusal changes is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the neuromuscular effects of dental contact at the physiologic median occlusal position before and after occlusal adjustments.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of occlusal adjustments in normalizing masticatory reflexes.
    • To assess the role of electrophysiological methods in monitoring treatment outcomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Electromyography (EMG) of bilateral temporal and masseter muscles was used.
    • Quantified reflex parameters included EMG silent period duration and jaw-opening reflex latency.

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  • Phase-plane traces analyzed jaw-closing velocity and median occlusal position repeatability.
  • Study included patients with prior masticatory dysfunction and a control group with normal occlusions.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant reductions in mean EMG silent period duration were observed post-treatment.
    • Significant reductions in the latency of the jaw-opening reflex were noted after occlusal adjustments.
    • Occlusal adjustments normalized masticatory reflexes in treated patients compared to controls.
    • Electrophysical methods successfully monitored treatment-induced changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Occlusal adjustments effectively reduce heightened masticatory reflexes at the median occlusal position.
    • Treatment outcomes can be objectively measured using electrophysiological techniques.
    • These findings support occlusal adjustments as a viable treatment for specific masticatory system dysfunctions.