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Dysfunctional error-related processing in incarcerated youth with elevated psychopathic traits.

J Michael Maurer1, Vaughn R Steele2, Lora M Cope3

  • 1The Mind Research Network, an affiliate of the Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM, United States of America; Department of Psychology; University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America.

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Juvenile offenders with psychopathic traits showed reduced error processing (Pe) linked to antisocial behaviors. This suggests a neurocognitive marker for severe conduct problems in youth.

Keywords:
Error-related processingEvent-related potentialsJuvenile delinquencyPrincipal component analysisPsychopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Forensic Psychiatry

Background:

  • Adult psychopathy is linked to violence, impulsivity, and recidivism.
  • Youth with psychopathic traits exhibit severe behavioral issues and neurocognitive deficits, including perseveration.
  • Understanding the neurocognitive underpinnings of psychopathy in adolescents is crucial for intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate event-related potential (ERP) components, specifically the error-related negativity (ERN/Ne) and error-related positivity (Pe), in incarcerated juvenile male offenders.
  • To examine the relationship between psychopathic traits, assessed by the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV), and these ERP components during a response inhibition task.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 100 incarcerated juvenile male offenders completed a Go/NoGo response inhibition task.
  • Psychopathic traits were measured using the Hare Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV).
  • Response-locked ERPs (ERN/Ne and Pe) were analyzed using traditional methods and principal component analysis (PCA).

Main Results:

  • Psychopathy scores (PCL:YV) were not associated with the ERN/Ne component.
  • PCL:YV scores were negatively related to the mean amplitude of the Pe component.
  • The PCL:YV Facet 4 (antisocial traits) significantly predicted reduced amplitude of a Pe subcomponent identified via PCA.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of a negative relationship between adolescent psychopathy scores and the Pe component.
  • Reduced Pe amplitude in juvenile offenders may reflect impaired later-stage error processing associated with psychopathic traits, particularly antisocial behavior.
  • These findings highlight potential neurocognitive markers for severe conduct problems in youth and inform future research and interventions.