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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Digital ulcers (DUs) are a frequent and debilitating complication in systemic sclerosis (SSc).
  • They significantly contribute to pain, hand dysfunction, and overall disability in SSc patients.
  • Understanding the frequency, evolution, and treatment of DUs is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the frequency, characteristics, and evolution of digital ulcers (DUs) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
  • To evaluate the therapeutic strategies employed for managing DUs in this patient population.
  • To identify factors influencing DU occurrence and healing.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 60 systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients.
  • Data collection on DU presence, location, type, and associated inflammation.
  • Review of applied therapeutic interventions and patient outcomes over a 6-month to 6-year follow-up period.

Main Results:

  • Digital ulcers (DUs) were observed in 35% of SSc patients, predominantly on fingers.
  • Diffuse cutaneous SSc patients showed a higher incidence of DUs compared to limited cutaneous SSc and overlap syndrome.
  • Ischemic lesions were the most common type; healing time averaged 3.39 months, with complex treatments including vasodilators, antiseptics, and antiplatelets being necessary.

Conclusions:

  • Digital ulcers (DUs) represent a significant and common complication in systemic sclerosis (SSc).
  • Management of DUs necessitates a multifaceted therapeutic approach.
  • Early and comprehensive treatment is vital for improving outcomes and reducing disability in SSc patients with DUs.