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Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Macrophage Cholesterol Depletion and Its Effect on the Phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans
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Cryptococcus neoformans infection in malignancy.

Sarah A Schmalzle1, Ulrike K Buchwald1, Bruce L Gilliam1

  • 1University of Maryland School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Mycoses
|March 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection that can affect cancer patients, particularly those with hematologic malignancies. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for better outcomes in these vulnerable individuals.

Keywords:
Cryptococcuscancercryptococcosisleukaemialymphomamalignancy

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cryptococcosis is a known opportunistic infection, primarily documented in HIV-infected individuals.
  • The association between malignancy, particularly hematologic cancers, and Cryptococcus neoformans infection is less understood.

Observation:

  • A case of cryptococcosis in a cancer patient is presented.
  • A comprehensive literature review (1970-2014) identified adult cases of concurrent C. neoformans infection and malignancy.
  • Data were aggregated to analyze demographics, malignancy type, infection site, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes.

Findings:

  • Hematologic malignancies comprised 82% of cases, with lymphomas being over-represented (66%) compared to general population data.
  • Cryptococcosis was rare in solid tumor patients.
  • Patients with hematologic malignancies had higher rates of central nervous system or disseminated disease, received Amphotericin B more frequently, and exhibited higher mortality rates compared to those with solid tumors.

Implications:

  • Heightened clinical awareness of cryptococcosis is essential for patients with hematologic malignancies presenting with infections.
  • This highlights the need for prompt diagnosis and management strategies tailored to immunocompromised cancer patients.
  • Further research may elucidate specific risk factors and optimal therapeutic approaches for cryptococcosis in the oncology setting.