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Cutaneous Lymphoma at Injection Sites: Pathological, Immunophenotypical, and Molecular Characterization in 17 Cats.

P Roccabianca1, G Avallone2, A Rodriguez3

  • 1DIVET: Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica, University of Milano, Italy paola.roccabianca@unimi.it.

Veterinary Pathology
|March 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Feline injection site lymphomas are rare skin tumors in cats, often linked to vaccine sites. Persistent inflammation and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) reactivation may contribute to their development.

Keywords:
FeLVcatclonalityimmunohistochemistryinjectionlymphomamolecular biologyskinvaccination

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Dermatopathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Feline primary cutaneous lymphomas (FPCLs) are uncommon, typically nonepitheliotropic small T-cell tumors.
  • FPCL development appears independent of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) status or skin inflammation.
  • This study focuses on FPCLs arising at vaccine injection sites in cats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentation, histology, immunophenotype, FeLV expression, and clonality of feline cutaneous lymphomas at injection sites (CLIS).
  • To compare CLIS with other feline lymphomas and human inflammatory lymphomas.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 17 feline cutaneous lymphomas from vaccine injection sites.
  • Assessment of clinical data, histopathology, immunohistochemistry for FeLV antigens, and clonality analysis.
  • Classification according to WHO criteria.

Main Results:

  • Most cases were in middle-aged male domestic short-haired cats.
  • Lymphomas exhibited necrosis, angiocentricity, angioinvasion, and peripheral inflammation.
  • FeLV gp70 and/or p27 proteins were expressed in 10 of 17 tumors.
  • Histological types included large B-cell lymphoma (11/17) and T-cell lymphomas (4/17).

Conclusions:

  • CLIS share features with feline injection site sarcomas and human inflammatory lymphomas.
  • Persistent inflammation and potential FeLV reactivation are hypothesized contributors to CLIS development.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of CLIS.