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A repeating fast radio burst.

L G Spitler1, P Scholz2, J W T Hessels3,4

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Summary
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Fast radio bursts (FRBs) were previously thought to be non-repeating. New observations confirm FRB 121102 is a repeating FRB, challenging previous theories about their origin.

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy
  • Astrophysics
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are enigmatic, millisecond-duration radio pulses from extragalactic distances.
  • Previous observations suggested FRBs were non-repeating, implying cataclysmic origins.
  • The repeating nature of some FRBs remains a key puzzle in astrophysics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the repeating nature of the fast radio burst FRB 121102.
  • To characterize the properties of repeating FRBs and their sources.
  • To test hypotheses regarding the physical origins of FRBs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized radio telescopes to conduct follow-up observations of FRB 121102.
  • Analyzed burst arrival times, dispersion measures, and spectral properties.
  • Compared new burst data with previous detections to confirm repeating behavior.

Main Results:

  • Detected ten additional bursts from the direction of FRB 121102, confirming its repeating nature.
  • Observed consistent dispersion measures and sky positions for all detected bursts.
  • Characterized variable spectral shapes on short timescales, suggesting intrinsic source properties.

Conclusions:

  • FRB 121102 is unambiguously a repeating FRB, with its source surviving energetic events.
  • The observed spectral variations support an origin in a young, highly magnetized, extragalactic neutron star.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the diverse origins of fast radio bursts.