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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
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Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:27

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence

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Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...
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Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

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In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
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Isomerism02:43

Isomerism

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Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. Isomers can be further classified into constitutional isomers and stereoisomers. Constitutional isomers differ in the connectivity of their constituent atoms. For example, 2-butanol and diethyl ether are constitutional isomers, as they have the same chemical formula, C4H10O, but differ in the connectivity of the carbon and oxygen atoms. Constitutional isomers have different physical and chemical...
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Stereoisomers02:32

Stereoisomers

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On the basis of mirror symmetry, stereoisomers of an organic molecule can be further classified into diastereomers and enantiomers. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. Substituted alkenes, such as the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene, are diastereomers, as these molecules exhibit different spatial orientations of their constituent atoms, are not mirror images of each other, and do not interconvert. Here, the interconversion is suppressed due to...
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Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism02:37

Disubstituted Cyclohexanes: cis-trans Isomerism

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Depending upon the different spatial orientation of the substituents, the disubstituted cycloalkanes exhibit two types of stereoisomers. The cis isomers have the substituents on the same side of the ring, whereas the trans isomers have the substituents on the opposite sides. These stereoisomers exhibit different physical properties and cannot be interconverted without breaking the carbon-carbon bonds.
In cyclohexane, the substituents can occupy different positions generating distinct isomers....
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Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
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Polymorphs and Versatile Solvates of 7-Hydroxyisoflavone.

Ningbo Gong1, Guoshun Zhang1, Guimin Jin1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|March 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the discovery of seven novel crystal structures of 7-hydroxyisoflavone, including polymorphs and solvates. These findings highlight the role of hydrogen bonding in crystal formation and suggest potential for new solvate cultivation.

Keywords:
crystal polymorphismcrystal structurecrystallizationphysical characterizationphysicochemical propertiesstability

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Molecular structure analysis

Background:

  • 7-hydroxyisoflavone is a compound with potential biological activities.
  • Understanding its solid-state forms is crucial for pharmaceutical development and material science.
  • Polymorphism and solvation can significantly impact a compound's physical and chemical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To crystallize, identify, and characterize novel solid-state forms of 7-hydroxyisoflavone.
  • To investigate the structural differences and intermolecular interactions in these forms.
  • To explore the role of hydrogen bonding in the formation of polymorphs and solvates.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structure determination.
  • Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) for phase identification.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for thermal characterization.
  • Hirshfeld surface and fingerprint plot analysis for intermolecular interactions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully obtained and characterized 2 solvent-free conformational polymorphs and 5 solvates of 7-hydroxyisoflavone.
  • All 7 crystal structures were previously unreported.
  • Analysis revealed distinct packing modes and molecular conformations.
  • Hydrogen bonding was identified as a key factor in the formation of different crystal structures.

Conclusions:

  • The study expands the known solid-state landscape of 7-hydroxyisoflavone.
  • The findings provide insights into crystal engineering principles for this compound.
  • Further exploration in other solvents may yield additional solvates, aiding in material design.